Cryptocurrency has taken the world by storm, and Bitcoin stands at the forefront of this digital revolution. If you’re asking “Is Bitcoin legal in France?”, you’re in the right place. In this complete guide, we’ll explore France’s legal stance on Bitcoin, crypto regulations, taxation, trading rules, applicable taxes and what it means for everyday users and investors.
Introduction – Bitcoin Legal Status in France
Let’s start with the most important answer upfront: Yes, Bitcoin is legal in France. You can buy it, sell it, trade it, hold it, and even use it for some transactions – all within a regulated framework set up by French laws and the European Union. France has embraced digital assets as digital goods, and has developed clear rules for crypto users, investors, and service providers.
However, Bitcoin is not considered legal tender – meaning it’s not the official currency like the euro. It’s legally treated as an intangible digital asset or movable property under French law.
What Does “Legal” Really Mean in French Law?
When we say Bitcoin is legal, it means:
- It is allowed to be traded and owned by residents and businesses.
- You can convert Bitcoin into euros or other fiat without breaking the law.
- Entities offering Bitcoin services must be registered and compliant with regulations.
- Bitcoin is not recognized as legal tender – you can’t force someone to accept it as payment.
This legal clarity makes France one of the more transparent markets in Europe for digital assets.
Regulatory Authorities Governing Bitcoin and Crypto
Several key authorities oversee Bitcoin and cryptocurrency regulations in France to ensure legal compliance, investor protection, and financial stability.
Autorité des Marchés Financiers (AMF)
The AMF is France’s primary financial market regulator. It supervises cryptocurrency service providers, enforces licensing requirements, and ensures investor protection. The AMF also monitors compliance in digital asset markets to prevent fraud and safeguard the interests of both individual and institutional investors.
Banque de France
As the French central bank, Banque de France plays a crucial role in broader financial regulation and economic stability. It monitors the systemic risks posed by digital assets and provides guidance on integrating cryptocurrencies safely into the national financial system. The bank also collaborates with EU authorities to align France’s policies with regional regulations.
Tracfin
Tracfin is France’s financial intelligence unit focused on combating money laundering and terrorist financing. It monitors cryptocurrency transactions, flags suspicious activities, and ensures that crypto operators comply with Anti-Money Laundering (AML) and Counter-Terrorist Financing (CFT) rules. Tracfin plays a key role in maintaining the integrity and transparency of France’s digital asset ecosystem.
Crypto Regulations in France – A Deep Dive
France has aligned its crypto laws with above EU-wide regulations, particularly the MiCA (Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation), which is a comprehensive regulatory framework adopted across the European Union.
Under this regulation:
- Crypto firms must obtain a license to operate legally in France and offer services across the EU.
- Existing French digital asset service provider (PSAN) rules are being phased into EU frameworks by mid‑2026.
- AML/CFT (Anti‑Money Laundering / Counter‑Terrorist Financing) rules apply to all crypto operators.
The goal? Protect consumers, minimize fraud, and ensure market transparency without stifling innovation.
Bitcoin and Digital Asset Classification
Under French law:
- Bitcoin is categorized as a digital asset (often treated as property or an intangible good).
- It is not euro currency – so merchants don’t have to accept it.
- Ownership rights and tax reporting obligations apply when you sell or convert Bitcoin.
This classification helps France create tailored laws for crypto while protecting the value of its national currency – the euro.
Taxation of Bitcoin – What You Need to Know
Taxation is a hot topic for any investor. In France, Bitcoin gains are taxable, but the rules depend on your activity.
Here’s how it works:
- Capital gains tax applies when you sell Bitcoin for fiat (e.g., euros).
- A flat tax regime of 30% (Prélèvement Forfaitaire Unique) is applied to occasional investors.
- If your total gains in a year are below €305, you may pay no tax, though reporting might still be required.
- Professional traders and miners are taxed differently, often at progressive rates up to 45%.
Always consult a tax professional to ensure compliance with declarations and filing deadlines.
Tax Rates France (2025–2026)
| Category | Tax Basis | Tax Rate | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Occasional Investors | Capital gains (crypto → fiat) | ~30% (PFU) | If gains > €305 per year; crypto‑to‑crypto usually tax‑free. |
| Professional Traders | Net profits (BIC) | 0–45% | Depends on trade volume & activity. |
| Mining Income | Net mining profits (BNC) | Up to ~45% | Smaller miners may use micro‑BNC regime. |
| Crypto to Crypto Trades | N/A | 0% | Generally tax‑free but must report correctly. |
| Foreign Crypto Accounts | Declared assets | N/A | Must declare accounts outside France. |
Crypto Service Providers (CASPs) and Licensing
Crypto exchanges, crypto wallets, and brokers that operate in France must be registered and licensed to serve French customers. This includes:
Some foreign platforms have already secured licenses and operate legally, but the regulatory landscape is tightening. France may restrict passporting (relying on licenses from other EU states), pushing for stricter national oversight.
AML/KYC Rules and Compliance
Anti‑Money Laundering (AML) and Know‑Your‑Customer (KYC) compliance is a big deal in France. Providers must:
- Collect and verify customer identification.
- Report suspicious transactions to authorities (e.g., Tracfin).
- Follow strict reporting and record‑keeping standards.
Violations can lead to fines or even criminal penalties. AML/CFT laws in France can impose prison terms and financial penalties for failures.
Real Life Use of Bitcoin in France
Bitcoin use isn’t just theoretical – it’s happening:
- Some retailers now accept Bitcoin payments.
- Bitcoin has been used in real estate deals (with regulatory workarounds).
- Freelancers and service providers sometimes invoice in crypto.
Keep in mind, for large payments like real estate, usually the asset is converted to euros through a licensed provider before closing, unless the seller willingly accepts Bitcoin under special agreements.
Key Updates & Changes in Crypto Laws (2024–2026)
France’s crypto landscape is evolving fast:
- Ordinances aligning French law with MiCA were published in late 2024.
- Transition from PSAN to MiCA licensing by mid‑2026.
- Increased regulatory scrutiny and fees on crypto firms introduced in 2025.
- AMF urging unlicensed crypto firms to comply or exit by June 2026.
Timeline of Crypto Regulatory Milestones in France
| Year | Regulatory Event |
|---|---|
| 2021 | Initial crypto ordinance with PSAN rules. |
| 2023 | PACTE Law and ongoing adoption. |
| 2024 | MiCA‑alignment ordinances published. |
| 2025 | New fees for providers; stronger AML rules. |
| 2026 | PSAN phased out; MiCA licensing mandatory. |
France vs Crypto Regulations in the EU
France is applying the EU’s MiCA rules but also pushing for stricter oversight of foreign‑licensed firms. Regulatory debates include:
- Blocking crypto license passporting to prevent regulatory shopping.
- Advocating centralized EU supervision via ESMA.
This makes France one of Europe’s most assertive regulators in the crypto space.
Risks, Legal Consequences, and Reporting Requirements
It’s crucial to know:
- Crypto firms operating without proper registration can face penalties, fines, and bans.
- Individuals must report foreign crypto accounts.
- Using unregistered ATMs or services can lead to law enforcement action.
Understanding the law protects you from unintended violations.
How to Stay Compliant When Using Bitcoin in France
To stay on the right side of the law:
- Use regulated exchanges or wallets with AMF/MiCA compliance.
- Keep accurate records of all transactions for tax and legal purposes.
- Report foreign crypto accounts during tax filing.
- Consult a tax advisor if you’re active or professional in crypto.
Frequently Asked Questions
Yes – Bitcoin can be bought, sold, traded and held legally in France under digital asset regulations.
You can use it if a merchant accepts it, but it’s not legal tender required by law.
Capital gains tax applies when converting to fiat – typically around 30% for occasional investors.
Yes – exchanges must be registered under French regulations or hold a MiCA license.
Yes – foreign accounts must be declared in French tax filings.
Operating without registration can lead to fines, legal action, or closure of services.
Final Thoughts
France is firmly in the pro‑crypto camp, yet it balances innovation with strong regulation and consumer protection. Bitcoin is legal, but not legal tender – and its use, trading, and taxation fall under clear rules shaped by both French law and the EU’s MiCA framework. Whether you’re a beginner Bitcoin investor, freelancer paid in crypto, or institutional trader, understanding these legal and tax frameworks is key to thriving in France’s evolving digital asset landscape.
Stay informed, use licensed platforms, report correctly, and you can confidently navigate the crypto world in France!
